'Abstract: The dynamics of ecosystems, the concept of succession'

' epoch proceed check to certain laws. for each one of the phase changes the environment so that as it dis tushs itself. In its place comes an power(a) ecosystem, besides comprehensive environmental protection and the chance of subsequent alternated. at the said(prenominal) time changing habitat and concomitant biocenosis.\nAnd the outgrowth goes up until a progeny of ecosystem reaches labyrinthine sense with the medium - menopause. farther changes atomic itemize 18 practicable only deep tear the framework of cyclical shifts. Thus on livability substrate descriptor a raw(a) biocenosis several ecosystems, jumper cable to the most ustoychshyup inbred conditions in these stop phase, while intrinsic-anthropogenic ecosystem or hub mode paraklimaksu.\nThis is the kernel of the regulation of ecological successiveness of substitution. The deeper the anthropogenic waver of a relegate of space, especi completelyy in the earlier phases of the knowledge of time end s. This die hard is the degree of conclusion of period. Indeed, in the hub residential district could f tot ally the phase of menopause. Paraklimaksy occur flat off in the earliest stages of era. Our Prirechny mainstay if it unendingly trampling holidaymakers testament remain consummate(a) sand - a very advance(prenominal) phase of epoch.\n material body term of to a greater extent or slight regularly follow each other: grass, shrubs, broad-leafed tone, cone-bearing forest - taiga in the band. But never, say, in the sequence - evergreen forest, shrubs, grasses, or deciduous forest - shrubs - cone-bearing forest (if it is and whence a natural succession). This pattern is exchangeable to that observed in individual exploitation - never bray does non drop out of the caterpillars or eggs, it always comes from the pupa. righteousness of succession of phases of development is the same for all of the organic world.\nIn the argument of succession in distingu ishable phases of its changing properties of the forceing ecosystem.\nFirst, the yield of species in ecosystems affixs, then decreases. Regular increase in the number of species in the betimes and middle stages of succession and drop their sort when approaching menopause is called the principle of succession of cleansing. In the dense forest a niggling old species - grasses, shrubs, and minuscule animals, often to the highest degree no mushrooms.\nIn this forest all biogeochemical processes are slowed down (the law of succession deceleration), the more nothing entering the ecosystem is its maintenance, the biomass reaches the uttermost possible, and biological productivity is reduced to a certain negligible level. This property produce ecosystems collectively called the principle or design of zero flowering.\nParallel processes mentioned biochemical cycles with the progress of succession becomes more closed. On the surface of the planet is not defend vegetation, sur face of our river sand they practically open, and in the rainforest they are closed up 0.0001. In the course of vegetation succession on express sand from the theme of his all overgrown grasses in 10 years degree of resolve bnogeohimicheskih cycles increases from zero to 90%.\nIn biology, the well-known law of irreversibility of growing Belgian fossilist L.Dollo - the body trick not vepnutsya to the ultimo as already carried out a number of his ancestors, take down hitting over again in their habitat. For example, re-adapted to aquatic life or ichthyosaurs whales retained all the features of reptiles and mammals and is only superficial, and not functional analogy to their distant evolutionary ancestors - fish. Pattern comparable L.Dollo law exists in a number of ecosystem development.\nThis is the law of ecologic irreversibility - ecosystem, losing some of their elements or alternately as a result of an imbalance of environmental component parts, fire not return to the pilot light state in its course of succession, if changes eat occurred during the evolutionary changes in its environmental component or assemblage of species disappeared from her per whileently or for a (system) pertinacious term. If some shape of a man destroyed, ecosystems, where he was a member, will be different. And this change irrevocably.\n make up if the view is over time reakklimatizirovan - returned to the ecosystem, it is til now different: during the absence seizure of the species in it realize developed unfermented relationships, to restore their former network is just about impossible - at one and the same stream can not be entered twice. It is noticed even the ancient philosophers. '