Investigating Basic Circuits Essay Example for Free

investigate Basic bands EssayIntroductionWhat is an galvanic duty tour? How can you manipulate comp unmatchednts and design a traffic circle that allow for do what you want it to? This guided activity will introduce you to some components, tools, and concepts that atomic number 18 perfect in electronics. It will allow you to investigate and discoverWhat be potential drop, real, and resistance? How are they related to one another? What are some of the basic components that make up simple rotarys and what do they do? What are the important characteristics of a lick and how do I measure different parts of a lap covering? How do I measure voltage in a circuit?How does the arrangement of components affect the characteristics of the circuit?How do I work safely with circuits?How can I use calculations to design circuits before I start creating one?Equipmentdigital Logic Board (DLB) or b testifyboard(2) Light emitting diodes ( guides)(2) 330 Ohm oppositions (orange/orange/ cook/gold or silver)Digital mul erater (DMM)22 Gauge solid wireProcedureFollow the instructions to create different types of circuits. As you create individually circuit, you will be asked to make measurements and record observations to befool understanding ab bug out the circuit and its components. Let us begin by investigating two components that are commonly used in circuits. They are immunitys and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). Part A Creating a Circuit and apprehensionstone a Circuits Properties 1. A Simple Circuit Arrange the components gibe to the picture sh suffer. You will need to plug the USB cable from the myDAQ into your computer to provide power to the Protoboard. Notice that the LED has a flatcar notch on one side. Make sure the notch isinitially oriented on the fucking as shown in the picture. In this arrangement, the flow of conventional stream is from the devolve (5V) to the sound (0V) through the impedance and the LED. What do you recover the role is of the resistor in this circuit?(1a) Components on a Breadboard (1b) Circuit DiagramIn a circuit, the flow of conventonal current can be described as a positive load up moving through a complete circuit form (VCC to GND). preempt you phantasm the flow of conventional current in some(prenominal) of the above pictures? 2. With the LED illuminated, flip the direction of the LED on the breadboard (notch on top now), and accordingly flip it back to its original position (notch on bottom). What does your observation tell you about diodes (and LEDs)?3. Using the DMM to Measure Values Making sure that the RED turn tail is plugged into (V) and the black lead is plugged into (COM) on the Digital Multi-Meter (DMM), turn the DMM on to direct current voltage range 0-600V or first click (see 3a). Place the RED DMM lead on the top of the resistor, and the black lead on the bottom of the LED. Note the r eat upering on the DMM. direct switch the DMM leads.(3a) Digital Multimeter DMM(3b ) Reading voltage crossways the resistor and LED What did you notice about the value on the DMM when you switched the leads?4. Now place the DMM leads crossways the circuit as you did initially in picture (3b) and turn the DMM to the next smallest voltage range (0-200V). You may need a classmate to help you. Note the value on the DMM and then turn one more click to the next smallest ranges (0-20V). What is happening on the display with each click, as the range you are measuring gets smaller and smaller?5. Turn one last click of the DMM to read the range (0-2V). What happened and why? What was the virtually accurate measurement were you able to make of the voltage across the resistor and LED?6. Set the DMM to the range that will give you the most accurate voltagemeasurement and touch the lead across the two ends of the red wire. Note the reading on the DMM. Now touch the leads across the two ends of the black wire. Note the reading.(6a) (6b)Voltage (V=Vf-Vi) is a description of a components potential to do work. (1 volt means the component could do 1 joule of work for every coulomb of charge that conveyes though it (1V= 1J/1C). In order for a component to do work, there must be a difference in the potential across the component to do work (often called a potential difference). wherefore do you think the reading was the like for both of these sections of the circuit? What you have just observed is on the dot why birds can land on high power lines unharmed.7. In Step 3 you measurable the voltage across the resistor and the LED combined. Now touch the leads across both ends of the resistor. Note the reading on the DMM. (a) Voltage across LED and Resistor (b) Voltage across Resistor OnlyCan you guess the reading you will see when you touch the DMM leads across the LED only? Were you correct? wherefore did you guess that value?8. You might be asking why we need a resistor in this circuit. Is it doing any work? Some components have limitations on how much el ectrical current can pass through them or how much voltage they should have across them. We can calculate the relationships between Voltage, Current, and confrontation for a component using Ohm Law (V=IR). Lets assume the voltage you saw across the 330 resistor was roughly 3V when the circuit was active. What is the conventional current (measured in Amps) traveling through the resistor according to Ohms Law?In this arrangement, the electrical current has only one path through the components (top to bottom in the picture). These components can be described as being in series with each other. The essence of current flowing through an LED must each be equal in the same path. Warning Do not attempt to verify the current in the circuit at this time using the DMM. While the DMM canhandle this amount of current, you must learn how to use the ammeter portion of the DMM decently to protect it from blowing a fuse. Shorting voltage sources is dangerous and can damage the DMM.Part B Series a nd double Circuits9. These two identical 330 resistors are in series with each other. There is only one path through the circuit from the power source to the ground. In this diagram, the power source is a 9V battery. One end of the battery has 9V of potential to do work (positive terminal-top). The other end of the battery has zero potential to do work (negative terminal/ground-bottom). (a) found on your observations, what would you expect the voltage read if you touched the DMM across both R1 and R2?(b) Due to the fact that R1 and R2 are identical, what would you guess is the voltage across each resistor is individually? wherefore?(c) We can actually replace these two resistors with one resistor that would have the same impact on the circuit. (This theoretical resistor is called an uniform resistor). What would the value of this equivalent resistor have to be in Ohms ()?10. force this series circuit on your breadboard. With both LEDs illuminated, remove one of the LEDs from th e circuit path. What happened and why?11. You can attack 3 LEDs in series but none will light up. Why do you think that is?12. Components in a circuit can also be arranged in correspond. Create this replicate circuit on your breadboard. With both LEDs illuminated, what happens if you remove one of the LEDS from the circuit path?13. Using the diagram shown to you in Step 9 for series circuit as a reference, can you draw a circuit diagram showing 2 resistors in parallel?(Draw circuit below)14. In a series circuit all component have the same current (Amps) flowing them (even if the resistors have different values. That is not the subject area for components in parallel with each other. What do components in parallel share in common?15. Based on your observations and what you have learned about parallel circuits, use Ohms Law (V=IR) to calculate the current in each of the 3 resistors?Imagine you add more two more resistors (R4 and R5) in parallel. For each new path to the battery yo u create, what do you think that does to the original amount of current going into and out of the battery?Conclusion1. Describe the proper way to place the DMM leads and the steps you use to attain the most precise measurement value for voltage across components using a Digital Multimeter (DMM).2. If the value on the DMM is negative, what does that tell you about the orientation of the DMM leads in relation to the flow of conventional current?3. LEDs and resistors transfer electrical energy into light and thermal energy. What is an important characteristic about LEDs (and diodes) that make it unique compared to a resistor?4. In your own words, describe what it means for components to be in series with each other. What characteristic do components in a series always share in common? (Voltage, Current, or Resistance)5. In your own words, describe what it means for components to be in parallel with each other. What characteristic do components in parallel always share in common? (Volt age, Current, or Resistance)Going Further6. In this investigation you were introduced to the image of equivalent resistance (replacing multiple resistors in series with one that does the same job. Equivalent resistance for a series circuits can be shown as a simple mathematical expression. How would you express this relationship to the total resistance in the circuit mathematically?7. A theoretical equivalent resistor can be placed in parallel circuits and shown mathematically as well. This relationship is a little less satisfying forward than equivalent resistance in series circuits. With a little research, can you determine how the equivalent resistance for this parallel circuit would be expressed mathematically? We will expand our understanding on these concepts in later activities.